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C, for Car: Ask patients if they've ever been in a car when the driver, including themselves, was under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

R, for Relax. Ask adolescents if they use drugs or alcohol to deal with stress or pressures – to feel better about themselves, or to fit in.

A, for Alone. Ask adolescents if they use drugs or alcohol when they're alone versus with friends or at social gatherings.

F, for Forget. Ask if there are things they can't remember while using alcohol or drugs.

F, for Friends. Ask if family or friends have expressed concern or told them to reduce their substance abuse.

T, for Trouble. Ask adolescents if there have been negative consequences as a result of using drugs or alcohol.

The CRAFFT can be quantified to determine next steps for patients. Each "yes" answer should be scored with one point.

If patients score 0 and report no use of drugs or alcohol, they should be praised and encouraged for their low-risk behaviors.

If patients score 0-1 and report ANY use of drugs or alcohol, they should be given a brief intervention and advice on ways to reduce and avoid negative consequences.

If patients score 2-6, they are at high-risk for having an alcohol or drug-related disorder and require further substance abuse services and assessment, as well as a brief intervention.